Albert Einstein :: essays research papers

Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14, 1879.As a kid he had disconcert learning to speak. His parents thought that he might be mentallyretarded. He was not smart in school. He suffered under the learning methodsthat they used in the schools of Germany at that time so he was never able tofinish his studies. In 1894 his fathers business had failed and the familymoved to Milan, Italy. Einstein who had grown interested in science, went toZurich, Switzerland, to reach a famous technical school. There his ability inmathematics and physics began to show.When Einstein was graduated in 1900 he was unable to get a teachingappointment at a university. Instead he got a clerical job in the patent officeat Bern, Switzerland. It was not what he wanted but it would give him leisurefor studying and thinking. While over there he wrote scientific papers.Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich to fuck off a Ph.D. degree in 1905. In 1908 he s ent a second paper to the Universityof Bern and became lecturer there. The next year Einstein certain a regularappointment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich. By1909, Einstein was recognized throughout Europe as a leading scientific thinker.In 1909 the fame that resulted from his theories got Einstein a job at theUniversity of Prague, and in 1913 he was appointed director of a bleak research governance opened in Berlin, the Kaiser Wilhelm Physics Institute.In 1915, during World War 1, Einstein published a paper that extendedhis theories. He put forth new views on the nature of gravitation. Newtonstheories he said were not accurate enough. Einsteins theories seemed toexplain the slow rotation of the entire orbit of the planet Mercury, whichNewtons theories did not explain. Einsteins theories also predicted that wakefulrays passing near the sun would be bent out of a straight line. When this wasverified at the eclipse of 1919, Einstein was instantly accep ted as the greatscientific thinker since Newton.By now Germany had fallen in the hands of Adolf Hitler and his Nazis.Albert Einstein was Jewish. In 1933 when the Nazis came to power, Einsteinhappened to be in California. He did not return to Germany. He went to Belgiuminstead. The Nazis confiscated his possessions, publicly burned his writings,and expelled him from all German scientific societies.

McCarthyism: The Modern American Witchhunt :: Essays Papers

McCarthyism The Modern American Witchhunt deplete you no sense of decency sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency? -Joseph Welch, lawyer for the Secretary of the ArmyIntroductionBy the time Republican Senator Joseph R. McCarthy gave his first speech in which he charge 205 members of President Harry Tru publics democratic g everywherenment of being communist on Feb. 9, 1950 there was already a lingering anti-Communist attitude in the United States. Which is why his speech, given in West Virginia, far from Washington DC, and from his home state of Wisconsin, made such an impact. Most of what he said has been forgotten, the speech was never recorded, simply what he started with that speech would win him and his actions a place in American history. McCarthyism a word synonymous with lying, government cover-ups and abuse, and the private war of one man against what he saw as a threat to the American way of life. Countless lives would be ruined by his crusa de. , those of government officials and private citizens alike. When it was all over McCarthys vehemence would bring his own downfall. MaCarthy and his followers caused panic and fear of communism in those who were ordinary citizens. For those who were targeted and accused, however, McCarthy and his followers did much more. How it was done Governmental structures, local and federal, effectuate up various un- American activites committees. These committees were set up solely to find and prosecute communists, or suspected communists. They drew the attention of the American public in every city that they were, furthering the panic of the red scare. They set up inquisitions to take care of their targets. Loyalty review boards were set up by President Truman in 1947, and were used quite frequently in the 1950s. Nearly all public employees were forced through these boards, although most went through swiftly without trouble. These boards were not able to cast out people, but they w ere able to take their jobs from them. Private industries were often more harsh on their employees suspected of being communist. To avoid public embarrassment that could be prejudicious in the ultra- patriotic 1950s they would often hire people who were ultra-patriotic to weed out the communist, or suspected communists in their corporations.

Fuzzy Pathetic Loving Ass :: essays research papers fc

Fuzzy Pathetic Loving AssA Midsummer nighttimes Dream, by William Shakespeare, is a classic foregather that has been retold in many ways. The most recent version of this romantic comedy was done by Michael Hoffman in 1999. This portrayal follows very closely to the original play. Very few lines are taken out, and the divisions stay very true to the assumed original idea. The one briny difference in the original play and this movie is the depiction of the character Nick Bottom the weaverbird. The original play shows Bottom as the overconfident weaverhilariously overthas extraordinary belief in his own abilitytotally unaware of his ridiculousness (Sparknotes.com). These types of characteristics would normally make readers see Bottom as a cocky, egotistical, center of attention, ass. In the play, this is the case. However, in the 1999 movie version, with Kevin Kline as Bottom, the audience gets a different idea of Bottom without changing his basic character traits. Hoffman achieved changing the overall perception of the character of Bottom from to a warm fuzzy man, a dreamer for whom we can root, and pathetic lover, while palliate keeping the ass quality, by only changing a few small, very subtle things (Jones, 127).In what would be Act I Scene II of the original play, Bottom is shown sitting alone at a caf. As he is making his way to leave, a rough looking woman walking rough in a very hurried and determined manner become the focus of the screen. The audience soon realizes this is Bottoms wife. Bottom seems to become frightened of her on sight, so he hides behind a wall. You also learn that his wife thinks his dreams of being an actor are simply unrealistic and stupid. The original Shakespearian play does not include a wife for Nick Bottom. The adding of a wife to a movie is not normally of great importance however, the type of wife she is makes all the difference.Later in the scene, when Bottom goes home, the audience sees more of what type of a wife thi s is. As Bottom enters his house he is shown looking around to see where she might be he is very quite and slips into a room quickly. Almost instantly, his wife realizes he is home, and she rushes into the room with a very ugly, fastidious expression on her face. There is no speaking in this scene (Hoffman).

The Past, Present and Future of Social Security Essay -- Social Securi

hearty security A Historical View brotherly security, the federal retirement system, is genius of the most popular government chopines in United State?s history. Today, Social security system benefits are the backbone of the nations retirement income system. The long path to the in(predicate) development of social security began in 1935. Before 1935, very few workers received job pensions. Those workers that were covered never received benefits because they were not guaranteed. Franklin D. Roosevelt subscribe the master Social Security Act. It comprised of two servicings a Social Security retirement benefit that applied only to workers, and a welfare program for the ripened called Old Age Assistance. Social Security benefits were not paid until 1942 to allow for a period of partial forward funding. The retirement benefit service was funded by a two portion tax on the first $3000 of payroll earnings, 1 percent form employers and 1 percent f rom workers. In 1939, Social Security was amended to include coverage to dependents of workers who died. The payroll tax income was also set aside in a separate trust fund. Social Security gained interior(a) commitment in 1950 when the Old Age Assistance program was phased out. Benefits were join ond by 77 percent and the payroll tax rate was increase to 6.5 percent on a phased ? in basis. This increment was partly a response to an expansion in private pensions that were being won by unions in incarnate bargaining agreements. The pensions, usually, served as a supplement to social security benefits. Employers supported Social Security increases because they were considered more economical than private pensions. In devote to increase Social Securit... ...bout higher deductibles, reduced benefits, or the probability of a government-run program that many not meet its commitment. The increase in the nation?s savings rate would not only benefit retirees, but woul d strengthen the economy. Savings would be invested privately, which would create new businesses and jobs. BibliographyCambetas, Daniela. The Economic Reality of Social Security. Social Security. 25 Aug. 2007. Conover, Pat. ?A Concise History of Social Security.? 20 July 2001. 25 July 2007. http//www.ucc.org/justice/ss/history.htm. Social Security Online. 25 July 2007. . Social Security The Perspectives in Detail. man docket Online. 8 Aug. 2007. http//www.publicagenda.org/issues/debate_detail2.cfm?issue_type=ss. The Past, Present and Future of Social Security Essay -- Social SecuriSocial Security A Historical View Social security, the federal retirement system, is one of the most popular government programs in United State?s history. Today, Social Security benefits are the backbone of the nations retirement income system. The long road to the successful development of social security began in 1935. Before 1935, very few workers received job pensions. Those workers that were covered never received benefits because they were not guaranteed. Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the original Social Security Act. It comprised of two services a Social Security retirement benefit that applied only to workers, and a welfare program for the elderly called Old Age Assistance. Social Security benefits were not paid until 1942 to allow for a period of partial forward funding. The retirement benefit service was funded by a two percent tax on the first $3000 of payroll earnings, 1 percent form employers and 1 percent from workers. In 1939, Social Security was amended to include coverage to dependents of workers who died. The payroll tax income was also set aside in a separate trust fund. Social Security gained national commitment in 1950 when the Old Age Assistance program was phased out. Benefits were increased by 77 percent and the payroll tax rate was increased to 6.5 percent on a phased ? in basis. Th is increment was partly a response to an expansion in private pensions that were being won by unions in collective bargaining agreements. The pensions, usually, served as a supplement to social security benefits. Employers supported Social Security increases because they were considered more economical than private pensions. In order to increase Social Securit... ...bout higher deductibles, reduced benefits, or the probability of a government-run program that many not meet its commitment. The increase in the nation?s savings rate would not only benefit retirees, but would strengthen the economy. Savings would be invested privately, which would create new businesses and jobs. BibliographyCambetas, Daniela. The Economic Reality of Social Security. Social Security. 25 Aug. 2007. Conover, Pat. ?A Concise History of Social Security.? 20 July 2001. 25 July 2007. http//www.ucc.org/justice/ss/history.htm. Social Security Online. 25 July 2007. . Social Security The Perspective s in Detail. Public Agenda Online. 8 Aug. 2007. http//www.publicagenda.org/issues/debate_detail2.cfm?issue_type=ss.

Ethnic Relations Essays -- essays research papers

Final ExamThe question of race and discrimination has been around a long time, dating back to the slave age. So the fact that it is silent an issue today is no surprise at all. In fact, you might be able to say that race and discrimination is still around today but has changed over time. Why is it important to understand the question of race and discrimination? It is important because helps you be a more comprehensive person. I have learned this and have become more aware of this because I am taking this syndicate. I will be examining ten pieces of universal culture and show how it relates to what I have learned in this class.The first example I would bid to use is the impression 8 Mile. The movie is about this white man that lives in a bad neighborhood in Detroit. He has a lot of good rapping skills and he works at a car garage. He knows that the only way he will get out of this bad place is if beats the corrosive rappers and lands a volume deal. The movie shows the adversi ty that he goes through. This movie represents how a white man struggles to get recognize in the rap industry since he is non black and since it is dominant by blacks. I think that this shows the world that it does not matter what skin you have, but the talent you have is more important. I think this ties into class on the issue of how too many times that bulk get categorized because the color of their skin. This shows the musical theme of whiteness. Black the great unwashed have been used the idea of whiteness and have used it on him. Wellman quotes I can relate to people whose backgrounds are similar to mine (Wellman 152). Since he is white, the some black people have judged him first by his skin and looking passed his background. When in reality, he grew up with a rough childhood and the fact that he did have the talent to do what supposedly only black people could. The black people thought that just cause he had white skin that he was not able to produce the same rhythm as th em because the white person did not listen to the kind of music they make. The second example I would like to use is swing dancing. I saw a picture on the internet about swing dancing and how it showed white people dancing. Swing leap was formed by the African American people and it became very popular that it became the center of American life but... ...xist with no problem. This relates to the Mins idea of how Asians indispensableness to be like whites and how they dont trust to be like blacks. I find this interesting because in this movie, the black people are arduous to be like Asians, where as the Asians are trying to be like white people. The final example I would like to use the James trammel net movie You only live twice. The movie is about how Bond gets killed by the Chinese enemy in the beginning of the movie but he really was not dead. So he has a mission to stop the Chinese gang from taking control of the world. This reveals to the world how the Chinese can be dang erous too. I think this relates to the when Min talks about gangs in his book. What I find funny about this situation on gangs is that Asian want to become more like white people yet the gangs would be more a characteristics of the black people. So it is kind of ironic that Asians want to be white yet they are also like black people. I am not sure what exactly you can classify the Asian people as either white or black, but I would like to see that the Asian community be classified as their own radical and not have to choose either white or black,

Ethnic Relations Essays -- essays research papers

Final ExamThe question of race and discrimination has been around a long time, dating back to the slave age. So the fact that it is free an issue today is no surprise at all. In fact, you might be able to say that race and discrimination is still around today but has changed over time. Why is it important to understand the question of race and discrimination? It is important because helps you be a more all-around(prenominal) person. I have learned this and have become more aware of this because I am taking this section. I will be examining ten pieces of best-selling(predicate) culture and show how it relates to what I have learned in this class.The first example I would identical to use is the motion picture 8 Mile. The movie is about this white man that lives in a bad neighborhood in Detroit. He has a lot of good rapping skills and he works at a car garage. He knows that the only way he will get out of this bad place is if beats the bare rappers and lands a eternalise deal. The movie shows the adversity that he goes through. This movie represents how a white man struggles to get recognize in the rap industry since he is non black and since it is dominant by blacks. I think that this shows the world that it does not matter what skin you have, but the talents you have is more important. I think this ties into class on the issue of how too many times that batch get categorized because the color of their skin. This shows the creative thinker of whiteness. Black sight have been used the idea of whiteness and have used it on him. Wellman quotes I can relate to people whose backgrounds are similar to mine (Wellman 152). Since he is white, the some black people have judged him first by his skin and looking passed his background. When in reality, he grew up with a rough childhood and the fact that he did have the talent to do what supposedly only black people could. The black people thought that just cause he had white skin that he was not able to produce the same rhythm as them because the white person did not listen to the kind of music they make. The second example I would like to use is swing dancing. I saw a picture on the internet about swing dancing and how it showed white people dancing. Swing dancing was formed by the African American people and it became very popular that it became the center of American life but... ...xist with no problem. This relates to the Mins idea of how Asians neediness to be like whites and how they dont requisite to be like blacks. I find this interesting because in this movie, the black people are assay to be like Asians, where as the Asians are trying to be like white people. The final example I would like to use the James bail bond movie You only live twice. The movie is about how Bond gets killed by the Chinese enemy in the beginning of the movie but he really was not dead. So he has a mission to stop the Chinese gang from taking control of the world. This reveals to the world how the Chin ese can be dangerous too. I think this relates to the when Min talks about gangs in his book. What I find funny about this situation on gangs is that Asian want to become more like white people yet the gangs would be more a characteristics of the black people. So it is kind of ironic that Asians want to be white yet they are also like black people. I am not sure what exactly you can classify the Asian people as either white or black, but I would like to see that the Asian community be classified as their own multitude and not have to choose either white or black,

The Rapid Growth of Online Social Media Networks

Social net creaming used to link and portion discipline with fri finales.People may utilize social networking operate for diierent grounds to web with tender contacts, reconnectwith the friends, maintain the relationships position, for solicitude or undertaking work related,take participate in treatments on the many subject, or merely hold get in concert meeting andinteraction with other take parting users. 1 .There argon figure of users on SocialNetworkand Twitter. LinkedIn has positioned itself as a master key networking site proi?lesinclude suck in info and groups argon created to portion many inquiries and thoughtswith other users in similar i?elds. Unlike traditional individualized home pages people in thesesocieties compose non merely their personal properties, but besides their relationships withfriends.It may do the semiprivateness misdemeanor in societal webs 3 .Information privateness isneeded for users. Existing techniques are used to forestall direct revela tion of sensitivepersonal information.Here the focal points on societal web informations classii?cation and inferringthe persons private information. More private information are inferred by usingcorporate classii?cation algorithm. The strategy heighten how the on-line information of societalweb is used for anticipation some persons private home that a user/person arenon interested unwrap these property to other users ( e.g. sexual urge identii?cation, sexualorientation ) .For illustration in an oi?ce people connect to each other because of similarprofessions. Therefore it is possible that one may be able to deduce someones propertyfrom the properties of his/her friends. In such instances, privateness is indirectly disclosed by theirsocietal dealingss instead than from the proprietor straight. This is called personal informationescape from illation 10 .The speedy growing and ubiquitousness of on-line societal media services has given animpact to the manner people interact with each other. Online societal networking has becomeone of the or so popular activities on the web. Social web analysis has been a keytechnique in modern sociology, geographics, economic sciences, and information science.The informationsgenerated by societal media services frequently referred to as the societal web informations. In manystate of affairss the informations demands to be published and shared with others. Social webs areonline application programs allow their users for association by diierent linktypes 3 . As portion oftheir professional web. Because of users specify inside informations which are related to theirprofessional life.These sites gather extended personal information societal net- work appli-cation suppliers have a rare chance direct usage of this information could be utile toadvertizers for direct selling. Print informations for others to analyse even though it maycreate terrible privateness menaces or they kitty keep back informations because of privatene ss concerns eventhough that makes the analysis impossible.For illustrations concern companies are analyzing the societal connexions in societalweb informations to bring out client relationship that can benei?t their services and prod-uct gross revenues. The analysis consequence of societal web informations is believed to potentially supplyan alternate position of real-world phenomena due to the strong connexion between thehistrions behind the web informations and existent universe entities. Social-network information makes com-merce much more proi? turn off 7 . On the other manus the petition to utilize the informations can besidescome from 3rd party applications embedded in the societal media application itself. Forcase, societal sites has 1000s of 3rd party applications and the figure is grow-ing exponentially. Even though the procedure of informations sharing in this instance is inexplicit theinformations is so passed over from the information proprietor ( service supplier ) to diierent party ( theapplication ) .The informations given to these applications is normally non hygienized to protect usersprivacy.Desired usage of informations and single privateness presents an chance for privatenesscontinuing societal web informations excavation. That is the find of information and rela-tionships from societal web informations without go againsting privateness. So utilizing classii?cation i?ndsensitive informations and take it from informations set and supply extremely sanitize dataset 1 .Although OSNs are rather utile in diierent sense, on that point has been some consid-erations about privateness of users in such services. OSNs are big datastores of personalinformation. This information is valuable in the sense that by statistical analysis it ispossible to pull out the penchant of users based on diierent standards such as gender andmatrimonial position. Such analysis can so be used for advertisement and research intents 5 .METs add of Engineering 2Preven ting techniquesused for pen informations touchstone illation tone-beginning on societal webThird-parties provide targeted advertizement to increase their commercial grossutilizing the societal platform and custom-make their publicities scarcely based on the penchantsof visitants and increase their opportunities on marketing 1 . OSN suppliers such as Facebookprovince that they will non manus private information to these third- parties. However therehas been many contentions about escape of sensitive information to third parties whereOSN suppliers handed private user information along with ego placing information.A recent prove by the Wall Street Journal showed that personal ID of Facebookusers was being transmitted to third party advertizement and tracking companies alongwith their personal involvements which was against the promises made by Facebook 6 . Thisis where concerns are raised about the privateness of OSN users.The chief privateness concern is that members might no n be willing to expose theirproi?le information to everyone indoors or outside a web. Peoples need control overtheir personal information and how it is being shown on the web. In OSNs users providetheir electronic mail reference, exposure, friends, instruction, handicraft background, relationship positionand activities such as noticing. For assorted grounds one might be willing to concealthem from certain people. Reasons such as safety, insulation of work environment andpersonal life are among them. If the information is public to everyone it can dojobs such as losing a occupation. Furthermore it can be collected and used for commercialintents without the consent of users 7 , 8 .The privateness scenes normally does non to the full let concealing friendship links and groupsai?liations and the connexion between people and groups are publically seeable. Such linksand ai?liations can take to information escape and expose high sum of information.In add-on many users do non protect their proi?les from aliens and the web wouldbe a mixture of public and private proi?les 13 . As a consequence firearm an single protectshis proi?le utilizing the privateness scenes, it is possible that a big fraction of his friendshave an unfastened proi?le which contains information about him including the friendly relationship nexus,remarks and so on. Besides even if there are no direct information about a individual in hisfriends, by statistical analysis it would be possible to deduce some properties for a user evenif he has a private proi?le which is the subject of this System 14 , 15 .The end of this System chiefly highlights how it is possible to deduce and retraceprivate properties of OSN users based on friendship links and personal inside informations. Usingchance suppositious accounts and informations excavation attacks such as Naive bays larning, it is shownthat with certain possibilities it would be executable to deduce private properties of users.METs ground of Engineering 3Preventing techniquesused for profile informations bar illation onslaught on societal webTo see the consequence on a existent dataset, a well-known Facebook OSN, Proi?le information is col-lected and used. synopsis of system shows that it is possible for an active OSN memberto to the full protect its privateness by remotion of sensitive properties from proi?le informations or fromdataset before let go ofing to third party 1 , 11 .1.1 Area of DersertationSocial webs are considered as online applications that permit the users to linkby manner of assorted nexus types. found on the provided inside informations, these webs let peopleto name inside informations about themselves that are appropriate to the basicss of the web.Some site is a common usage of societal web, hence single users list their preferableactivities, films and books. Conversely a professional web such as LinkedIn, usersspecify inside informations which are suited to their professional life.These site s gather extendedpersonal information and therefore societal web application suppliers have a rare opportunity ofdirect use of this information that could be utile to advertizers for direct marketing.Forforestalling illation onslaught proposed system is used and it better the classii?cationtruth of system by utilizing Naive bays classii?cation.METs Institute of Engineering 4Preventing techniquesused for profile informations bar illation onslaught on societal web1.2 Dissertation PlanMonth Project Activity august Project Topic SelectionSubmission of AbstractSurvey of Literature SurveySeptember First Presentation about thought of Undertaking sine qua non analysis ( SRS Document ) readyingOctober Mathematical ModelAlgorithm and System AnalysisDetailed DesignNovember Project Stage-1 PresentationDocumentationDecember Stating do of executionRequirement assemblage for implemntationJanuary Implementation and provingFebruary Implementation and provingMarch Test instances planing for complete system and proving as per trial instancesChanges in execution if anyApril scrutiny and certificationMay Testing and certificationTable 1.1 Dissertation PlanMETs Institute of Engineering 5Preventing techniquesused for profile informations bar illation onslaught on societal web1.3 Motivation privateness to individual which is concerned with the unity of the persons organic structure, agenciesprevent the interloper entry in personal informations. Privacy of personal behaviour, This relates to diierent facets of behaviour such assexual penchants, political activities and spiritual ideas both in private andpublic topographic points. Here the eiectiveness of both topical anaesthetic and relational classii?cation truth are reducesby utilizing the sanitation methods and it is really helpful for forestalling personalinformation onslaught on societal web. Privacy of personal communicating in instance of persons have an involvement to be ableto pass on among each other through diierent medi a without being monitoredor intercepted by other individuals or administrations. Privacy of personal informations, Persons claim that informations about themselves should nonbe available to other persons or administrations without their consent and even ifthe information is processed by a third-party, the person must be able to hold consid-erable grade of control over it data and its usage. Here it has been proposed to plan a system that seek the eiect of possibleinformations sanitation attacks on forestalling such private information escape, whileleting the receiver of the sanitized information to make inference on non-sensitive inside informations. Desired usage of informations and single privateness presents an chance for privatenesscontinuing societal web, That is the find of information and relationshipsfrom societal web informations without go againsting privateness.1.4 AimsThis system dei?ne two classii?cation undertakings. The i?rst is that to find whether aindividual is con servative or liberal on the footing of user proi?le information.METs Institute of Engineering 6Preventing techniquesused for profile informations bar illation onslaught on societal webPrivacy concerns of persons in a societal web can be classii?ed into two classsprivateness after informations release, and private information escape. Cases of privateness afterinformations release involve the identii?cation of specii?c persons in a information set subsequentto its release to the general populace or to paying clients for a specii?c use or 3rdparty for their advertisement work. By deducing the sensitive property like gender, matrimonialposition such personal information of user proi?le is used for diierent type of attack.Hereaims of system is privacy concern as concealing the users personal inside informations from exteriorusers means from 3rd party, so information misusage are avoid.

Martin Luther King Jr. Essay

Two of his accomplishments were the Montgomery Bus Boycott which ended racial segregation starting with genus Rosa Parks being arrested for not giving up her seat on the bus which was illegal due to racial segregation laws.Qualities that made him a large(p) leader was that he had the ability to shape a vision that was compelling enough to make others believe in it and participate in it. He had a strong system of values and morals. He was also courageous, decisive, bold, and strong.The path that led him to being a great leader started when he became a pastor. Afterward he became a civil rights activist, a humanitarian, and was involved in the African-american civil rights movement.Qualities of Martin Luther King jr.that I would want to emulate would be having the courage to stand up for what I believe even if it meant being hated by many people. Ultimately he was courageous enough to die for what he believed and I would trust to want to do the same if I truly believed in something that much. A world leader that I think was bad for their followers is Fidel Castro.Qualities that made him a bad leader was that he was power hungry and did whatever he wanted to retain that power even if included suppressing his own people finished violence.He exerted power over others by using brutal penalty if people did not obey his every command. He used coercion in order to rule. He also used his position as president to withhold resources from his people.His leadership skills that contributed to bad results were using brute forceand severe punishment to gain control over his people. He would use firing squads to prove his severity when punishing those who stood up to him.ReferencesFidel Castros greatest atrocities and crimes Introduction Babal Blog. (2014, June 7). Retrieved January 26, 2015, from http//babalublog.com/fidel-castros-greatest-atrocities-and-crimes/Martin Luther King Jr. (2015). The Biography.com website. Retrieved 0543, Jan 25, 2015, from http//www.biograph y.com/people/martin-luther-king-jr-9365086.

Tourism on Malacca

Tourism on malacca, Malaysia TABLE OF CONTENT Page 1. 0 Executive analysis 2. 0 Situation Analysis 1 2. 1 market authority Summary 2 2. 2 Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat Analysis 3 2. 3 Competition 4 2. 4 proceeds Offerings 5 2. 5 Distri hikeion 6 3. marketing St wandergy 7 3. 1 Objective 8 3. 2 Target Markets and class 9 3. 3 lay 10 3. 4 Marketing Mix 11 4. 0 Recommendation and Implementation 12 1. 0 Executive Summary 2. 0 Situation Analysis 2. 1 Market SummaryThis part is study hale-nigh the SWOT analysis, competition, product offering and diffusion. The SWOT analysis is divided into four parts which ar strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threat. The strength of touristry in malacca go offe are knowledge base Heritage Tours, heathenish diversity and multiculturalism, merchant vessels, accommodation, entertainment places and weather. The weaknesses of touristry in malacca cane are poor battalion transportation system and poor way infrastructu re. The opportunities are Malacca world-wide Airport, improved road infrastructure, new market and transportation system.The threats are environmental degradation, regional safety, Bangkok from Thailand, and Bali from Indonesia. The next is ab aside some competitions between Malaysia and former(a) countries. From this study we made the comparison of tourism between Malaysia and other countries such as Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia. Each of them has their cause culture and own benefits to the tourists as well. After that, there is the product offering which the tourism in Malacca can offered to the tourists. It briefly explains what type of tourism services can be offered by tourism Malacca compared to others.The conclusion is nigh the distribution. It showed the distribution channel that tourism Malacca used towards the tourists as the customer to image Malacca. 2. 2 Strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat analysis Strength World Heritage Tours Malacca was listed a s a World Heritage Tours on 7 July 2008. There are some diachronic places such as St Pauls Hill, A Famosa and Dutch Square. These historical places had become the principal(prenominal) of the tourist attraction. The tourists can enjoy the Malaccas handed-down Chinatown house that exhibits Peranakan Architecture at Jonker Walk. Cultural diversity and multiculturalismMelaka is home to an eclectic unite of cultures and historic architecture that continu onlyy entice tourists into the region. It offers visitors a rich coordinate of events and festivals throughout the division that high clarification its unique cultural identity and fib. Melaka consists of variety of culinary treats. Fresh seafood is prepared with Malay and Indian spices, along with a partake in of European flair that has outlived its benefactors. Peranakan dishes, a result of Chinese immigrants assimilating into the local demographic, feature Chinese noodles and a long list of sundry spices. transportationMel aka Sentral is the of import transportation hub of buses services and ward-heeler services in Malacca. It is easier for tourists blend in all the historical places by utilise pubic bus or taxi. The price of taxi services from Melaka Sentral to A Famosa is around 15 to 20 ringgit which is affordable. The tourists in like manner can take trishaw as the tool of transportation to visit all the tourist attraction. adaptation There are much than hundreds of hotels, resorts and budget hostel set(p) at bottom the bone marrow of the town. These leisure realisements and hospitable resting easy accommodate the tourists every year.The tourists can govern their own accommodation based on their budget. There are some hotels run a straightforward facilities such as swimming pools, sport facilities, proscribe and restaurants. So, they may carry these indoor activities if they choose to stay at hotel. Entertainment places There is a assign of entertainment places located around t he Malacca. Shopping centre is one of the places that tourists may choose to go. Mahkota Parade and Pahlawan are the two main shopping centres in the Malacca. There allow for be some sale seasons in the whole year.The tourists can use the lowest price to buy the souvenirs or cloths during this period. Bars is another entertainment places that tourist choose for relaxing. From there, the tourists can able to involve local culture and enjoy local foods. Weather The stable weather patterns in Malacca reach any time of year a candid time to visit. Melaka is situated within three degrees latitude of the equator. The degree is between 25oC 33oC. The weather patterns in Melaka arent extreme. Weaknesses Poor transportation system Malacca has a in reality poor public transportation system that the public transports systems are not standardized.Most of the taxis in Malacca dont begin a metered system and their charges are ergodic and dependent upon the driver and passenger. A 1. 6-k m monorail system was opened with much fanfare in October 2010, but it was plagued with problems and promptly taken out of service. As of December 2010, the monorail is not operational and its planned extension is in doubt. Poor road infrastructure The streets in the older/historical part of the city are very narrow, so they quickly become clogged during peak hours. This is particularly so during the weekends, when cars from other parts of Malaysia and from Singapore flood to the city.Finding a car park lot is too extremely difficult during weekends. Most of the roads are also one-way, so plan your route properly. Opportunites Malacca internationalistic Airport The RM190 million airports, which has a new boundaryinal capable of handling 1. 5 million passengers a year, is targeted to be an airport hub for health tourism. There are more air sail from Airasia and and Firely are expected to fly directly into Malacca. Provided the airlines service which could boost the Malacca tou rism market. Moreover, it also more job opportunities for the local citizens and improve the lifestyle. Improve road infrastructure Due to traffic jam especially during the festival season period. There are a lot of cars travels from contrary places. The limited parking is the main issue will happen on this period. So, a proper infrastructure of road should be implemented. A more parking lot should be make and enlarge the road size should also be implemented. The road constructed should renew or repair any road which is damage or harmful to the drivers. overbold market Malacca located at the southern region of theMalay Peninsula. It is close proximity to Asian Neighbours such as Singapore and Indonesia.Its an hazard for Malacca open a new market at the Strait of Malacca. Its a strategy location for investor open a new vexation at there. Open a resort will attract more tourists come to Malacca and lay down more job opportunity. Transportation system Malacca Monorial had opened to the public on 21 October 2010. But, the monorial is no longer operational since after a series similar problems happened. It is benefit to the passengers if the monorial is able to operate. By using monorial, the passengers are able saving their time and its easy for tourists visit all the tourist attraction. Threats Environmental degradation Today, the increase of transportation system activities along the shipping lane and the rapid development in the coastal areas threaten the ecologically fragile environment of high bio-diversity bordering the Straits. Different types of pollutants from industries, agriculture, and land-use activities and domestic wastes are discharged into the Straits. along the coast, sand mining, development in mangrove swamps and land reclamation have degraded the habitat for marine life. The economic and ecological losses would rapidly create enormous costs and unforeseeable downstream effects Regional safetyThe number of foreign workers keeps increas e in the Malacca due to manufacturing and agricultures fields. It has become a serious problem as all motleys of fond and security problems are cropping up. It may affect the image of Malacca and create an anxious toward the foreign tourists. Bangkok, Thailand It is the not bad(p) city of Thailand. This city is famous and appreciated by tourist for its versatility and multiple points of interests. It is one of the largest shopping centers and the largest outdoor market in Asia. Besides the shopping, Bangkok has authentic into a magnet for food lovers of all origins.With the Skytrain or at a lower placeground train service provided, it brings a lot of benefit to the passengers and tourists. Bali, Indonesia Bali is one of the thousands of islands that together constitute the res publica of Indonesia. It has become a primary destination for tourist from all over the world. Balinese cultures with its Hindu religious ceremonies and rituals are one of the chief attractions of Bal i. Bedugul Botanical Gargen which showcases al most(prenominal) 2000 different species of plants and 320 varieties of orchids. Warungs or Roadside cafes serve up the best food to all the visitors. . 3 Competition The Definition of Tourism As the global population ages and change of location becomes cheaper and quicker than it is today and tourism will continue to be a cornerstone of the global economy. The increased emphasis on sustainability and lifestyle decisions will also heavily influence tourism and the way it is marketed in the future. (Tsiotsou & Ratten, 2010). Consumer behavior is a dynamic and eclectic field of tourism marketing (Mattila, 2004). Global consumption of tourism means that there are some another(prenominal) different aspects of the environment concourse are influenced by.Consumption patterns are changing globally as more deal become classified as middle-class in developing countries such as China and India and can afford more time to travel. More people w orldwide can afford to stay in hotels but the geographic origin of these consumers is changing. The changing nature of the global hotel application means that future enquiry should discuss in more depth how consumers decision marketing processes are changing (Louviers et al. , 2003). As consumers are aging this will create changing demands in what services and facilities are offered to tourists.More research is requisite on the mature consumer and how tourist resorts will be affected by these changes. For example, Moschis et al. (2003) highlighted that more research is required on how mature consumers respond to monetary incentives. Kim and Geistfeld (2003) also found that the demand for full service restaurants will increase because of the aging population and stressed the immensity of further research focusing on this demographic segment of the population. Another research avenue for consumer behavior studies in tourism marketing is to further canvas the cross-cultural differe nces of the global travel market.Mueller et al. (2003) found that Irish and American consumers have a different perception of service encounters. (Tsiotsou & Ratten, 2010). According to Mohamed (n. d. ), culture in tourism is an important issue. The relationship between tourism and culture can take many forms and the outcome can be spatial relationed as negative and positive when clashing of hosts and visitors occurs and possibly leads to the transformation of the hosts culture. The destruction of local culture as a result of tourism is well documented.Like its Asean neighbors, Malaysia too regards tourism as a very important sector that brings the much- gather uped foreign exchange, new jobs and credit linees. Heritage tourism, classified as a subclass of cultural tourism by the World Tourism Organization, has been determine and spelt out in the new Tourism Policy by the Tourism Ministry as one of the new niche products to be developed extensively for the next ten years. Parall eled with the growing interest in heritage tourism and the global influx of the alternative tourists, tourist arrivals in the Malaysian heritage cities, especially Penang and Malacca, have improved over the years.Despite this, the real voltage of culture and heritage as tourism resources is not amply realized. They are not well attended and only started to be appreciated. Malaysia is experiencing a tremendous pace of tourism development. Tourism sector has been recognized by Malaysian government as a major(ip) source of revenue and catalyst to the Malaysian economic renaissance. Tourist arrivals to Malaysia for the last ten years have shown a significant rise. In the year 2004, this country attracted 15. 7 million foreign tourists generating around RM29. 7 billion into the company.Major tourist market for Malaysia has been the neighboring ASEAN nations especially Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and Brunei. Other main conventional foreign markets include China, Japan, Taiwan and I ndia. Coupled with the growth in tourism is a booming interest in the new tourism. Cultural tourism has emerged as a potential form of alternative tourism among both international tourists as well as Malaysian domestic travelers. Cultural tourism in Malaysia attracted great publicities with the increase in the number of incoming tourists annually.Malaysia has marvelous cultural tourism resources that are readily available to be explored such as the existence of multi-cultural, historical buildings, colorful lifestyles and friendly atmosphere. In Malaysia, heritage and culture has also been identified as new niche products to be developed extensively in tourism development. Cultural vibrancy is clearly manifested in the ongoing and successful Malaysia Truly Asia forwardingal drive by the countrys promotion arm, Tourism Malaysia. In this promotion, Malaysia boasts to host a wide variety of Asian ethnic groups that making it into a little Asia.Malaysia also has distinctive multicultur al architectural heritage with strong Islamic, Chinese and air jacketern influences all of which have been portrayed in the heritage buildings. The management of culture and heritage in Malaysia was put under the Ministry of Tourism and Culture, established on the 20th of May 1987, combining Department of Culture from the Ministry of Culture, Youths and Sports with the Malaysian Tourism Development Corporation from the Ministry of Trade and Industries. On twenty-second October 1992, the ministry was renamed into Ministry of Culture, ruses and Tourism.This ministry was later divided in Mac 2004, into two ministries, namely the Tourism Ministry and Ministry of Culture, Arts and Heritage. This judicial separation is seen as recognition of tourism as a potential number one sector of the country and a move to appreciate the value of heritage of the country. Agencies under this ministry are the National Archives, the National Art and Gallery, the Department of Museum and Antiquities, M alaysian Handicrafts (Kraftangan Malaysia), the National Film Development Corporation (Finas), the National Art Academy, the National Library and the Istana Budaya (the Culture Palace).Despite the move to strengthen the ministries, the separation of the cultural elements from the Tourism Ministry can set apart impacts on the direction of cultural and heritage tourism, leaving this niche area as a no-mans land Tourism in Singapore The management of tourism in Singapore has undergone various changes over the decades. The adoption of different policies and strategies aimed at promoting and championing tourism in Singapore has been subject to socio-economic changes on the local and global fronts.A deeper understanding of the issues pertaining to tourism development in Singapore necessitates a review of the background of these challenges as they relate to particular social, economic and political conditions of Singapore. Tourism management in Singapore has sought to be adaptable to the changes in the wider socio-economic environment. Tourism policies and strategies have frankincense largely corresponded to global forces influencing trends in tourism and economic development, as well as responded to local factors such as changing social conditions in the city-state. Yeo et al, n. d. ). As stated in Wikipedia, tourism in Singapore is a major industry and contributor to the Singaporean economy, attracting 11,638,663 tourists in 2010, over twice Singapores total population. Its cultural attraction can be attributed to its cultural diversity that reflects its colonial history and Chinese, Malay, Indian and Arab ethnicities. It is also environmentally friendly, and maintains natural and heritage conservation programs. Along with this, it also has one of the worlds lowest crime rates.As English is the dominant one of its four official languages, it is generally easier for tourists to understand when speaking to the local population of the country, for example, when shopp ing. Transport in Singapore exhaustively covers most, if not all public venues in Singapore, which increases convenience for tourists. This includes the well-known Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. The Orchard Road district, which is henpecked by multi-story shopping centres and hotels, can be considered the center of tourism in Singapore.Other popular tourist attractions include the Singapore Zoo and Night Safari, which allows people to explore Asian, African and American habitats at night without any visible barriers between guests and the wild animals. The Singapore Zoo has embraced the open zoo concept whereby animals are kept in enclosures, separated from visitors by hidden dry or wet moats, instead of caging the animals. Jurong Bird Park is another zoological garden centred around birds, which is devote towards exposing the public to as uch species and varieties of birds from around the world as possible, including a flock of one thousand flamingos. Besides, the tourist islan d of Sentosa, which attracts more than 5 million visitors a year, is located in the south of Singapore, consists of about 20-30 landmarks, such as Fort Siloso, which was built as a fortress to defend against the Japanese during World War II. Guns from the World War II era can be seen at Fort Siloso, from a mini-sized to a 16 pound (7kg) gun.Moreover, the island has built the Tiger Sky Tower, which allows visitors to view the whole of Sentosa, as well as the Sentosa Luge, a small one- or two-person sled on which one sleighs supine and feet-first. Steering is done by duty period the weight or pulling straps attached to the sleds runners. Singapore has two integrated resorts which house casinos, namely Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa. Tourism in Thailand Thailand is locality of Malaysia in another saying its Malaysias competitors too.Thailand country is most famous for its architecture of the oldest temple such as Bang Pa-in, Ayutthaya, Wat Phra Sisanphet, Ayutthaya and et c. Whereas the most popular place which are attraction for tourist are Kanchanaburi which is a good place for nature lovers, Pattaya beach which is just two hours drives from Bangkok, Doi tung Royal Villa, Sukhoithai, Ko Nang Yuan,Surat Thani,Phuket and etc. The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) board has used awesome Thailand as their theme, while the new tagline is Always Amazes You which is to reinforce the many aspects of Thainess.They were gave more strength on many traditional aspects. The TATs marketing runnels for 2011 will be highly visible worldwide through traditional promotional channels including TV commercials and vignettes, print advertisement. Moreover there also be an increased use of celebrity ads, which invite popular actors or sports person to major events in Thailand, and encourage them to shoot their film in Thailand so that the world knows the beauty of the country. Besides that, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration has come up with this campaign so call B angkok is Waiting for you by CNBC Asia Pacific.This is for welcomed the tourist to explore the tradition, unique cultures, exquisite architecture, foods and ways of living of its inhabitants. Tourism in Indonesia Last but not least, Indonesia is one of the competitors of Malaysia which is located at the South of Malaysia. Indonesia is bigger area compare to Malaysia. It has most beautiful place which tourist attraction such as Bali, Jakarta, Borobudur, Mount Bromo, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Lombok, Yogakartas and etc.The official Indonesia government authority that is responsible for tourism sector in Indonesia is the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Indonesia. In effort to boost the acceleration of the international and domestic tourist movement, department already create 2 promotional tourism theme entitled Indonesia Ultimate in Diversity International level and Ayo, Tamasya Jelajahi Nusantara for domestic that both will show the unique status of Indonesia(Ardiwidjaja. R). They have l aunch certain campaigns by yearly, such as 1991,2008,2009 and recently 2010. form 2010 have lots of support compare to the previous years by travel and tourism industry in Indonesia, including the Ministry of Culture & Tourism, the Provincial Government of western hemisphere Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara Culture & Tourism Office, Lombok Sumbawa Promo, Garuda Indonesia as Official Airlines, other supporting airlines, Indonesia National Air Carriers Association (INACA), Board of Airline Representatives Indonesia (BARINDO), Association of Indonesian Tours & live on Agencies (ASITA), Indonesia Hotels and Restaurant Association (PHRI), Indonesian Conference and Convention Association (INCCA), Pacto Convex as the event organizer, supported by national and international media. Lombok and Sumbawa in West Nusa Tenggara have set a target of wooing one million tourists to visit the islands by 2012. 2. 4 Product Offerings 2. 5 Distribution Distribution The distribution of travel and touris m products or services is a most important activity along the tourism chain majorly in Melaka tourism aspect.There are two main considerations which need to be distinguished first, the degree to which organisations become involved in organising and structuring the overseas distribution channel such as the Melakas government anticipation, and second, organisations reactions and responses to marketing and distribution strategies of intermediaries in overseas markets. As a result of organisations activeness or passiveness with regard to these two considerations, four trade-oriented strategies are possible by-passing, co-operation, conflict, or adaptation. A by-passing strategy means travel and tourism organisations or airlines would relinquish any collaboration with the distribution channel. Melakas government should considering initiative a proper international airport in order to compete with the other states such as Penang, Ipoh, Kuala Lumpur, Johor Bharu, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu .The appropriateness of this strategy for public and private travel and tourism organisations seems very limited, considering the current importance of intermediaries in most overseas marketplaces. Adventure tourism is at the cutting edge of world tourism, and its newness merits a all-inclusive examination, unhindered by the confines of traditional delineations. Despite a number of attempts to define the concept of adventure tourism, consensus remains to be lacking within the academic community indeed, as the boundaries of knowledge are receding, the number of proposed definitions and conceptualisations appear to be increasing. be of a heightened nature a stimulating context will induce a range of emotions(of which excitement will be key), and separate it from everyday life such as creating the new idea from the istorical and existing buildings and vagrant which they could improvise on making it interesting entail intellectual, physical or emotional risks and challenges these w ill be absorbing the interest and love towards the beauty of Melakas nature be intrinsically rewarding, providing opportunities for enjoyment, learning and self-development pic Distribution in tourism is mainly regarding these three factors which decide the upstream of the tourism industry. A consumer who comes to Melaka is a major factor for the tourism industry as it drives in Malaysian and non-Malaysians into the province of Melaka. Melaka is mainly known as Bandaraya Bersejarah which has been known for many years. They could use this as a competitive advantage to pull the attentions of tourist. Segmenting the tourist is a vital procedure as they can be identified and classified which type of tourist.This can be group based on their point of interest, culture and beliefs. Trade including travel agents, wholesalers who do tourism as their main business , can be good intermediaries for the government and tourist. Melaka Tourism industry invites the involvement of travel agents to support the tourism industries as they can reach to the tourism and penetrate easily into the market. This is main tenableness why for the past 5 years, travel agents in Melaka had subsequently raise up due to the encouragements gave by the Melaka state government itself. Sub line industry and sector associations or professionals including RTOs, VICs, media, industry suppliers and airlines industry.Small to medium-sized enterprises SMEs located throughout the globe that offers both direct travel-related services (accommodation, dining, transport, recreation and entertainment) and ancillary services (insurance, software, content, finance, weather, news, maps). Distribution plays a vital role in the development of the tourism in Melaka. There are more places and hot spots that are yet to be explored in the state, as the sub-urban areas are rich with natural beauty of their historical traits such as in Alor Gajah, Jasin, Machap and many more. If the distribution role is played wisely, the advantages could be fully capitalized and tourism industry will be a huge leap for Melaka. 3. 0 Marketing Strategy 3. Objective 3. 2 Target Market and Segmentation 3. 3 Positioning Positioning is the act of differentiating a brand in customers mind in relation to the competitor in term of attributes and benefits that this brand does offer. It also can said as a process of developing strategy for filling a slot in the mind of customer. Positioning can be categorized by benefits, price, quality, competitor, usage and inhabits. In tourism Malacca, it included two categories which are benefits and effs. Benefits For the benefits, Malacca can give a printing that is back to the past of Portuguese occupied Malacca at a long time ago for tourists themselves.They can feel the historical culture in Malacca and they are able to understand more history from Malacca. The second thing of benefits is the local foods on Malacca. We know that Malacca is the one of the state on Malaysia coun try. It provides the local foods like nasi lemak, curry ayam, rojak and other that the tourists cant eat and enjoy this kind of foods on their country. It is advantages for Malacca to attract more tourists to come to the place together. Besides that, Malacca also provided three wheel cycle for people who may tired after the long journey of visit. The three wheel bicycle can allow the tourist to enjoy the comfortably when sitting on it and see around the view of the tourism place.Experience For experience sector, Malacca comes out a slogan which is Visiting Malacca Means Visiting Malaysia. This slogan give the meaning that Malacca is a tourism place combined all historical culture together and the different race staying together in a one place with peaceful and harmony. Besides that, Baba Nyonya is also an experience sector for tourism Malacca. Baba Nyonya is famous among the Malacca Area and we can know more about the culture of BABA Nyonya at The Baba Nyonya Heritage Museum. Jonk er Walk Street also provided an experience for tourists because a lot of traditional foods and drink of Malaysia are selling along the street.The tourists can enjoy the foods along the street and it can give the tourists unforgotten memory at that place. Zoo Malacca can be one of the experiences too for tourists. Zoo Malacca gives people a different view of zoo in Malaysia and let people know what animals are available in Malaysia. Besides that, crocodile upraise also can be the experience because there are few crocodile farm to show in Malaysia. It can make the tourists to know different type of crocodile species and know their lifestyle as well. 3. 4 Marketing Mix The marketing mix is probably the most famous marketing term nowadays (Marketing Mix, 2000). Marketing mix also can be defined as Four Ps which include product, price, place and promotion.When marketing their products or services, firms need to create a successful combine of the right product, sold at the right price, i n the right place and using the promotional strategy. This Four Ps are the tools that the marketer can control, subject to the internal and external restrict of the marketing environment (The 4 Ps of Marketing, 2002). The goal is to make decisions that center the Four Ps on the customers in the target market in order to generate a positive response and establish perceived value (The 4 Ps of Marketing, 2002). Place (Distribution) Place is about getting the products or services to the customer. Place can also be defined as the location of all the points of sale which give prospective customers with access to tourist product (Tourism Destination Market, 2003).However, the place where the tourist buys the tourism product can be varied. Travel agents, tour operators and tour wholesalers are a few examples of the place or distribution in tourism. A travel agency is a business that helps customers to plan their holidays and help to make various types of travel arrangements such as flight t ickets and accommodation reservations. Tour operators are businesses that combine two or more travel services and sell them through travel agencies or direct sell them to final customers as a package tour (Tour operator, 2001). On the other hand, tour wholesaler is a company that sells tour packages and tour product to travel agents.Tour wholesalers normally receive a 20% discount from accommodations and transportation companies then pass on a 10 to 15% discount to the retail agent (Tour wholesaler, 2009). In the meantime, customers will choose the agency which may give them the highest satisfaction. Nowadays, the lucre has enabled entirely new forms of social interaction and activities. The Internet is the newest and it is most powerful tool available to tourism marketers. Marketers can take this advantage by creating tourism Melaka official website in order to update the current information for visitors. Tourism destination web sites may consist of pictures, videos, sounds, anima tions, graphics, text and interactive maps .If the visitors have accessed to according Web site and read though all of the information, they will have a good understanding of the history, culture and viewpoints of Melaka and it will win the minds of potential tourist. Promotion Promotion is the business of communicating with customers. Besides, through the promotion it can provide information that will aid customer in making a decision to purchase a product or service. Promotion also includes of advertising, sales promotion, travel shows and public relations. Tourism in Melaka can be further developed by promoting many aspects that state has. Melaka is a place not only popular for its historic importance, with a rich cultural history Malacca is a shopping heaven. Shopping in Melaka can be an xciting experience if visitors know what to shop for and from where. Many types of media can be used to promote tourism in Melaka. For example, marketer can use the traditional print media, both newspapers and magazines. There are travel writers to describe about the viewpoints of Melaka, to inform and entertain the readers. Besides, the social networks such as Facebook and Twitter have become a tool for promoting tourism. Nowadays, most of the people are spending their time on Facebook, but perchance just 20 minutes on the other Website. So, by creating a Facebook fan page or updates current information on Twitter about Melaka tourism, it is essential way to attract international tourist to visit Melaka.In addition, government should set a law that businessman cannot charge exorbitant rate to tourist. Tourists must charge in same price as local for products or services that they buy. Moreover, the quality of products or services must be at the top priority for business. By having this way, it can build the reputation of Melaka and it can also fascinate tourist to make Melaka as their favourite spot to visit or holiday destination. On the other hand, Government has put gr eat effort into enhancing and developing the basic infrastructure and facilities such as transportation and telecommunications in order to meet the requirements or expectation of the tourists.Moreover, marketers can organize some promotional programmes and exhibitions in Melaka in order to attract tourists who are from different country. Marketers can introduce tour package to international tourist which the tours with quality and lower price. As the part of its promotional effort, Malaysias national airline such as MAS and Air-Asia may together with local hotels and offered a special packages which consisting of accommodation, flight and tour arrangement as well. These promotional packages can be advertised on TV, newspapers, magazines, brochures, Internet and so on. No doubt that, the number of tourist in Melaka will be increased if marketer able to manage the promotion strategy well. ProductProduct is referring to the product or services offered to customers, its characteristics, how the product branded. In order to attract international tourists to visit Malacca as a travel destination, impalpable product are service based (wikipedia, n. d). Besides, to retain competitiveness in the market, product differentiate is required and it is one of the strategy to differentiate a product from competitors in the same industry. In order to attract international tourist, the services including the procedure of trip, accommodation, transport and others need to be plan well. Since Malacca is known as heritage city in Malaysia, therefore it can be a starting point provide tourist to getting know the Malacca history place.For example, A Farmosa, the landmark of Malacca Dutch square which also called as Red Square as the area is surrounded by red impression buildings Jonker Street is a lively street famous for its culture and heritage Stadhuys which is History and Enthnography Museum Chris Church and many others historical areas. Rather than the historical places, havin g Malacca duck tour around Malacca city, river cruise which takes passenger from the jetty and night cruise is more interesting as can see light in the riverbanks buildings, water fountain show and bridges lastly is Taming Sari Revolving Tower which offers breathtaking 360-degree views of the historic city and coastline.Away from the city, experience the nature such a way help tourist release stress and pressure such as Butterfly farm, Zoo Malacca, Crocodiles farm and many others. This kind of places which help tourist to enjoy the natural resources. Food is another thing to attract tourist to come to Malacca. One of the most famous foods at Malacca is chicken rice ball which can taste for the original chicken rice ball. Others food like Satay Celup, Baba Nyonya Food, cendol and many others. There are many shopping centres in Malacca which allow tourist visit for spend other leisure times. Besides that, based on the customers preferences, provide the standard otel experience in thei r budget which good and imaginative staff for serving them. Therefore, create something specifically memorable for the trip for them. Providing them the hotel at location which allows them easily to visit all the places they wish to go. Security of the tourist is important. Therefore, transportation is needed during the travel period. Along with the trip, the tourist always is guidance by the tour channel depend on the race of the tourist. Therefore, they can enjoy the trip without language barrier. Pricing Different people have their different budget for the trip. In theory, price is determined by the discovery of what customers perceive is the value of the item on sale.We had offer different kind of strategy due to different kind of consumer which including seasonal worker pricing, last minute pricing, package deals. Seasonal pricing is a mix of price throughout a year to cover low and high season. This kind of strategy is to cater for different levels of demand due to the time o f a year. Like for example, the school holiday period and local event of Malacca. While last minute pricing also is a way used to attract the consumers for booking for the travel. It is a common method and basically discounting the prices according to forward bookings and promoted on last minute booking websites. Discounting always is unavoidable in a competitive market and in order used to attract business.It can be deal by adding several conditions like minimum to stay, number of travelers in the booking. Continuously, package deals are another way to attract international tourist. Different packages need to be meeting with different need of niche market. We can develop packages with complimentary tourism partners in Malacca to stimulate demand such as cooperate with the local business. In other word, we work with multiple attractions to create bigger package and lead to deeper discount. For example, work with trolley car tour, museums and other attractions in order to offer packa ge discount. We also can offer the saving packages with bundle lodging, activities, accommodation and food for the families, honeymooners and groups travel. 4. Recommendation and Implementation References 1. Tsiotsou R. & Ratten V. (2010). Future Research precaution in Tourism Marketing, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 28, 1-3. 2. Mattila, A. S. (2004), Consumer sort Research in Hospitality and Tourism Journals, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23, 449-57. 3. Louviers, P. , Driver, J. and Powell-Perry, J. (2003), Managing Customer Behavior dynamics in the Global Hotel Industry, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9 (2), 164-74. 4. Moschis, G. , Curasi, C. and Bellenger, D. (2003), Restaurant Selection Preferences of Mature Consumers, Cornell Hotel & Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44 (4), 51-60. 5. Kim, E. nd Geistfeld, L. (2003), Consumers Restaurant Choice Behavior and The Impact of Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors, Journal of Foodservice Business Rese arch, 6 (1), 3-24. 6. Mueller, R. , Palmer, A. , Mack, R. and McMullan, R. (2003), Service in The Restaurant Industry an American and Irish Comparison of Service Failures and Recovery Strategies, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 22 (4), 395-418. 7. Mohamed (n. d. ). Retrieved December 19, 2011, Cultural Tourism Promotion and policy in Malaysia. 8. Yeo, B. S. A. , Tan, E. S. , Wang, J. & Wong, T. (n. d. ). Tourism in Singapore An Overview of Policies and Issues. 9. Wikipedia.Retrieved December 19, 2011, Tourism in Singapore from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tourism_in_Singapore. 10. Tourism in Indonesia, Retrieved December 18, 2011 from Wikipedia http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tourism_in_Indonesia 11. Indonesia Tourism. (2011). Welcome to most beautiful places in Indonesia. Retrieved June 29,2011 from BlogSpot Website http//baliyogya. blogspot. com/ 12. Ardiwidjaja. R. Strategic Sustainable Tourism Development in Indonesia. Retrieved December 13, 2011 from Website htt p//www. budpar. go. id/filedata/4032_1283-STRATEGICSUSTAINABLETOURISMDEVELOPMENT. pdf 13. Amazing Thailand, Always Amazes you (2011). Retrieved December

Broadworth general hospital Essay

For the past 20 years our hospital has contracted all training seminars with your bon ton, your company has been dependable and always gets the job done. In March, we need to train 20 supervisors in the area of Sexual Harassment and Unlawful Discrimination in the workplace. We would same your company Wydade Consulting Services to complete the training for us. The training will take place on the first floor of the hospital room. We would like your trainer Ms. debutante carriage, to teach the seminar. In the past, Ms. walker has presented a strong and powerful power point presentation followed by a question and answer session. On the day of training we will need the following. ProjectorPresentationBrochures/handoutsNotepadsPenslight refreshmentsPlease respond to me as soon as possible with a date MS Walker will be available in March. I can be reached at (598) 597 1234 Thank you Sincerely yours,Karen Lawrence A.A.KL/xxTo Deb WalkerCC Jeremy Dittmer Miriam Hopkins content Sexual Ha rassment and Unlawful Discrimination in the work force Dear Deb I would like to confirm our arrangements as we previously discussed regarding the seminar which is to be held on March 10 ,2016 at 200 . Located on the first floor in room 109 of the hospital you are more than take to come early to set up. We will be starting promptly at 200, refreshments and snacks will be there at approximately 415 to 430. If you require further assistance or have any questions, please contact me at (598) 597 1234 or via email at Lawrence.lawrence yokel .comTo Miriam Hopkins, Director of Human ResourcesFrom Karen Lawrence, Administrative AssistantDec 17, 2012Subject Sexual Harassment and Unlawful Discrimination in the workplace We received a proof from Jeremy Dittmer regarding the seminar details, the date is March 10, 2016 and the time is 200 and has provided the trainer with all the necessary materials. The trainer he has assigned is MS Deb Walker, the seminar will be on the first floor room 109. We will make sure that we will have all the necessary materials. Ms Walker will be providing, pens base pamphlets follow along booklets. Refreshments such as coffee tea water juice, and snacks will be provided and scheduled for delivery the afternoon of March 10 amidst 415 and 430. If you have have questions please dont hesitate to contact me. You can also contact Deb Walker directly by email at Deb walker yahoo .com or by phone at (802) 559 6315 ext. 2206. KL/AA

Graphic communication, Essay

In this task I will be identifying the many reasons to wherefore people choose to communicate, and explain how conference may chance upon alliances within a work setting. Communication is the key to learning as it involves so many different aspects, for example confabulation is not just verbal it has a lot to do with things like body language, facial expressions and posture. People communicate for many different reasons and ever situation is different in any behavior.Expressing needs- this is the main reason to why people communicate generally. This applies to people that are both common and uncommon with each other. This does not always involve public lecture this washstand be hand gestures, eye contact and body language.To share ideas, information and to reassure- this is also main aspects to why people communicate. Individuals old and young sine qua non to portray their views and reassure people around them about certain situations.To express feelings- this is another re ason to why individuals communicate, if they dont want to keep their feelings to themselves they take hold to communicate in some way to others. For example babies cry when they want something as this is their way of communicating their feelings. To build relationships, socialize and to share experiences- these are reasons to why people communicate as it builds a social life for them, it brings more people around them meaning friends and family, which will mean that they have people who they can relate to and go through all different life experiences with.Read moreIdentify different reasons why people communicateessay1.2 When operative with children within a childcare setting, effective communication is key. When dealing with children you are not only dealing with the children who you need to communicate and build a relationship with but the parents and staff.For an individual in a childcare setting it is very important for them to have good relationships with a range of people me aning, parents, staff, and the children. Communication and relationships coiffure into play with each other very well, this is due to the better relationship you have with another individual the communication is likely to be more effective.Relationships and communication are influenced by certain things for example the body language, facial expression and the way the other individual listens and talks to you. Building good relationships within the oeuvre will mean that communicating with everyone will be effective as there will be no problems. It will benefit things that occur in every setting, like sharing and gaining relevant information, supporting the childrens play and learning also working effectively as a team.Effective communication is a major skill that everyone working in a childcare setting must develop as this is the most practical/effective way to meet the needs of the children, parents, families and other members of staff on a daily basis. Communication is key in the daily events of every individuals life, no matter how it is done either verbal or non verbal.

Meaning of life †Human Essay

?According to Albert Camus You will never be skilful if you continue to search for what happiness consists of. You will never run if you are look for the pith of life. People can decide happiness in various ways, for ones it means achieving their set goals while for others happiness means serving for society, and finally some(a) people interpret happiness as holding the mean of their life. People can snuff it their whole time only searching for the meaning of life, and they freeze or ignore the life and real time that passes by.Unfortunately, you can search for the meaning of life and still not find it, or it can total to you with age. Significant events such as surviving the airplane or car crashes or losing the important people in ones life, force cosmos to reconsider their rates or beliefs, and can help to find the true meaning of life. Meaning of life is something that comes with the age, wisdom or experience. It is also hard to define what the meaning of life is, fo r it can be easily misinterpreted with the goals or values.I do not reserve my own meaning of life yet, for I am young, I squander not so much experience in my life, and I cannot actually define what the meaning of life is. To begin with, I am not fully mature as a person because I am only twenty years old and my life has just started. Consequently, wanting to enjoy all the charms of my young life I try not to think about difficult topics such as meaning of life. I value my time that I have now, so I want to spend it l peeing and gaining an experience. The only thing I can figure out in this research on meaning of life, is that people value one thing time.Having time we can find something or someone, develop ourselves and etc. Theoretically, we can do everything when we have time, but when we have time and do not have someone for whom we can spend it our life becomes meaningless. Life becomes meaningful when we can spend time on objects and subjects that are important for us. A s I am living with my parents, I do not even think about how to earn money, rise future generation and become unaffiliated person. I do not have to be a breadwinner at home, and I do not have to work yet.I do not have children, so I do not take the responsibility for treating my children expert. However, it would be helpful to find out the meaning of life before I become a parent, for it would help me to raise my children right. My life is easier now, so I do not finish up to think about the meaning of my life. Although I am dependent on my parents because they give me shelter, food and opportunity to get an education, I feel that being independent also would lead to thoughts about the meaning of life. Being a young adult give me the opportunity to gain an experience that could help me find the meaning of life.I am learning at the LCC university where professors from different countries tell their stories about their own life experience, and it seems that the person should have an experience in order to have a meaning of life. The experience of meeting different people, being introduced to different cultures, beliefs and values, and seeing the real adult life, all these experiences generate an insight about the meaning that the person can find in life. It is very difficult to find the right definition of meaning of life.When persons speak about creation of family or being a successful in work, it seems like goals and it is, but some people see it as the meaning. I can also assume that being ingenious and appreciative person has the real meaning in life, but is it the meaning of life? Maybe we should find the meaning that would lead us to feel happy and appreciative. I think that meaning of life does not even exist. There are only purposes. Love, family, friendship are only purposes, and purpose is not the meaning. wherefore? Because they retort the question of approachability, we can reach it or not.Theoretically, if these things were meaningful, life would end when we reach all of them. Meaning is sort of general idea, which is accessible and equal to all. It cannot answer the question of feasibility. Actually, the meaning of life should by absolute verity. Overall, this is the topic that brings many thoughts to my mind. For now I can say that I do not have any specific meaning of my life so far. I am young, rebel, adventure seeking person, and the spirit that now lives in my soul gives me the opportunity to live and enjoy the fruits of my young adulthood years, and I rarely stop to think about the real meaning of life.I do not know whether it is right or wrong that I do not pay much attention for such topic. I believe that people become wiser with years, and that wisdom would bring the need to evaluate the life and to seek and find the meaning of it. I also cannot actually define what the meaning of life is, and I think that some people cannot find out it through their life. Overall, life is already meaningful as the person li ves and breathes.

Mary Oliver Rhetorical Analysis Essay

The jellyfish, a dangerously stunning underwater creature, can adequately symbolize the phenomenon that is nature. Nobody denies the medusa of its attractive features, such(prenominal) as, its dazzling pink color, elegant frame, and most important, its transparent body that displays running electricity. However, touch it underwater and experience the wrath of its devious abilities. Its colorful stingers have the great power to inject an electrical toxin into their prey. It can kill.Furthermore, Mary Oliver, the writer of Owls, successfully delineates the two-faced personality nature is affiliated with. In this rich excerpt, Oliver makes it a priority to invest out that nature can be both miraculous and corrupt at the same time. Like the jellyfish, nature can bring immobilizing gratification, but it can also be complex, and bring forth death.From the get-go, Oliver uses Vonnegut-like imagery to create a distinct agate line between the terrifying and the fascinating part of nature . For instance, when Oliver puffs the great horned owl and the handle full of roses. According to Oliver, the great horned owl has a hooked beak that makes heavy, crisp, and breathy snapping sounds, and a set of razor-tipped toes that wood file the limb. Not only that, but this mystical creature is characterized as merciless, and as a dark creature that would eat the whole beingness if it could. The fields full of roses, on the other hand, are used to symbolize happiness. They are described as sweet, lovely, and red and pink and white tents of softness and nectar. Through Olivers creative use of descriptive imagery, she begins to explain the incomprehensible mysteries of nature.In the same fashion, Oliver uses vivid and flamboyant diction to emphasize natures intricate ways. To describe the darkness of nature, Oliver uses words such as, hopelessness, headless bodies, and immutable force. On the contrary, for the awing parts of nature, Olivers passage includes words like, exquis ite, lucent wanderer, and sheer rollicking glory. As a result, her impressive title presents a clear image of how Oliver is standing at the edge of mystery, and ultimately, conquered.Finally, Oliver uses her indicate appreciation for nature to relate to the audience and drive her claim home. First, Oliver uses an anaphora to talk about the field full of roses. Oliver begins eight consecutive phrases with the word I. Thus, implying the opposition nature has on her as an individual, and alarming the reader of the love she has towards this prodigy. Oliver then acknowledges that the world where the owl is endlessly hungry and endlessly on the hunt is the world in which she lives too. Correspondingly, she mentions that natures curiosities involve the audience of this excerpt, as well as everyone else on planet earth.Indeed, in this lyrical excerpt, Mary Oliver uses her impressive style to describe how nature can be convoluted, charming, and over-powering. One cant help to acknowledge the creative way Oliver uses the English language to successfully contrast the positive and negative parts of the environment. In addition, Oliver strives to make her nuanced physical composition and allegory for the complexity of nature. When looking at the big picture, it is easy to see how Olivers writing may exhibit to all how one might share whatever it is they feel passionately about.

Baking Soda and Baking Powder

bake SodaBaking Soda, also known as atomic number 11 bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen bicarbonate is an alkali which is a white crystalline nonetheless it often appears as a fine powder, its chemical name is NaHCO3. It is used to increase the volume of cook goods. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). (1)Baking PowderBaking Powder is also a run dry leavening agent which is a mixture of a weak alkali and a weak caustic it increases the volume and lightens the texture of bake goods. Baking powder works by releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) suck into a batter or dough through an deadly-base reaction, causing bubbles in the wet mixture to string out and therefore leavening the mixture.Most commercially available baking powders argon made up of an alkaline fixings (typically sodium bicarbonate also known as baking soda), one or more acid salts(such as cream of tartar), and an inert starch (cornstarch in most cases, though potato s tarch may also be used). Baking soda is the source of the carbon dioxide, and the acid-base reaction can be generically represented as NaHCO3 + H+ Na+ + CO2 + H2O(2)The Difference between Baking Soda and Baking PowderBoth baking soda and baking powder are leavening agents, which means they are added to baked goods to begin with cooking to produce carbon dioxide and cause them to rise. Baking powder contains baking soda, but the two substances are used under different conditions. Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate. When baking soda is unite with moisture and an acidic ingredient (e.g., yogurt, chocolate, buttermilk, honey), the resulting chemical reaction produces bubbles of carbon dioxide that expand under oven temperatures, causing baked goods to rise. The reaction begins instantaneously upon mixing the ingredients, so you need to bake recipes which call for baking soda immediately, or else they will fall flatHowever Baking Powder containssodium bicarbonate, but it includes the acidifying agent already (cream of tartar), and also a drying agent (usually starch). Baking powder is available as single-acting baking powder and as double-acting baking powder. Single-acting powders are activated by moisture, so you must bake recipes which include this product immediately after mixing. Double-acting powders react in two phases and can stand for a while before baking. With double-acting powder, any(prenominal) gas is released at room temperature when the powder is added to dough, but the majority of the gas is released after the temperature of the dough increases in the oven.

A Brief Description of Non-Parametric Tests

Non-parametric Tests In distinguish to parametric tests, non-parametric tests do not require whatever assumptions about the parameters or about the nature of population. It is because of this that these methods argon sometimes referred to as the distribution free methods. Most of these methods, however, are based upon the weaker assumptions that observations are independent and that the variable infra study is continuous with approximately symmetrical distribution. In addition to this, these methods do not require measurements as strong as that required by parametric methods.Most of the non- arametric tests are applicable to info measured in an ordinal or nominal shield. As opposed to this, the parametric tests are based on data measured at least in an interval scale. The measurements obtained on interval and ratio scale are also known as blue level measurements. Level of measurement 1 . Nominal scale This scale uses numbers or other symbols to identify the groups or classes t o which various objects belong. These numbers or symbols personify a nominal or classifying scale.For example, classification of individuals on the priming of sex (male, female) or on the basis of level of education (matric, senior secondary, raduate, post graduate), etc. This scale is the weakest of all the measurements. 2. Ordinal scale This scale uses numbers to represent some kind of ordering or ranking of objects. However, the differences of numbers, utilise for ranking, dont have any meaning. For example, the top 4 students of class depose be ranked as 1, 2, 3, 4, according to their marks in an examination. 3.Interval scale This scale also uses numbers such that these can be ordered and their differences have a meaningful interpretation. 4. Ratio scale A scale possessing all the properties of an interval scale along with a true correct point is called a ratio scale. It may be pointed out that a zero point in an interval scale is arbitrary. For example, freezing point of w ater is defined at 00 Celsius or 320 Fahrenheit, implying thereby that the zero on either scale is arbitrary and doesnt represent total absence of heat.In contrast to this, the measurement of surpass, say in metres, is done on a ratio scale. The term ratio is used here because ratio comparisons are meaningful. For example, 100 kms of distance is four times larger than a distance of 25 kms while 1000F may not mean that it is twice as hot as SOOF. It should be noted here that a test that can be erformed on high level measurements can always be performed on ordinal or nominal measurements but not vice-versa.However, if along with the high level measurements the conditions of a parametric test are also met, the parametric test should invariably be used because this test is most powerful in the given circumstances. From the above, we conclude that a non-parametric test should be used when either the conditions about the parent population are not met or the level of measurements is unde rstaffed for a parametric test. References http//classofl . com/homework-help/statistics-homework-help/

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

generally veritable write up Principles (United States) In the U. S. , generally accepted throwaway linguistic rules, comm precisely abbreviated as US GAAP or simply GAAP, ar bill rules apply to prep be, stick, and deal fiscal commonwealthments for a wide variety of entities, including publicly-traded and privately-held companies, non-profit organizations, and governing bodys. Generally GAAP includes local applicable explanation Framework, related report law, rules and chronicle standardised.Similar to many other countries practicing under the common law system, the United States organization does non directly brand bill standards, in the belief that the private sector has better companionship and resources. US GAAP is not indite in law, although the U. S. Securities and Exchange accusation ( siemens) requires that it be followed in financial explanationing by publicly-traded companies. Cur subscribe toly, the pecuniary history Standards bill (FASB) is t he highest authority in establishing generally accepted accounting principles for public and private companies, as well as non-profit entities.For local and state governments, GAAP is determined by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which operates under a counter respite of laying claims, principles, and constraints, dissentent from those of standard private-sector GAAP. fiscal account in federal government entities is regulated by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). The US GAAP provisions differ somewhat from multinational pecuniary Reporting Standards (IFRS), though former SEC Chairman Chris Cox set appear a agetable for all U. S. ompanies to drop GAAP by 2016, with the largest companies teddy to IFRS as early as 2009 Basic objectives pecuniary report should provide study that is useful to present to potential difference investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and other financial decisions. he lpful to present to potential investors and creditors and other users in assessing the amounts, timing, and doubt of prospective capital receipts. about economic resources, the claims to those resources, and the changes in them. edit Basic conceptsTo come across elemental objectives and implement central qualities GAAP has four basic assumptions, four basic principles, and four basic constraints. edit Assumptions Accounting Entity assumes that the business is screen from its owners or other businesses. Revenue and expense should be kept set forth from personal expenses. Going bushel assumes that the business go forth be in operation indefinitely. This validates the methods of asset capitalization, depreciation, and amortization. notwithstanding when liquidation is certain this assumption is not applicable. M wizardtary Unit principle assumes a stable silver is going to be the social building block of record.The FASB accepts the nominal value of the US Dollar as the mone tary unit of record unadjusted for inflation. The Time-period principle implies that the economic activities of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods. edit Principles Cost principle requires companies to account and report based on acquisition cost rather than plum marketplace value for or so assets and liabilities. This principle provides information that is reliable (removing opportunity to provide subjective and potentially biased market values), scarce not very relevant.Thus there is a trend to use circus values. Most debts and securities are instantly reported at market values. Revenue principle requires companies to record when receipts is (1) realized or realizable and (2) earned, not when hard currency is received. This way of accounting is called accrual basis accounting. matching principle. Expenses hit to be matched with gross enhancements as long as it is reasonable to do so. Expenses are recognized not when the work is performed, or when a product is produced, but when the work or the product actually makes its constituent to revenue.Only if no connection with revenue can be established, cost may be charged as expenses to the cur riptide period (e. g. military post salaries and other administrative expenses). This principle allows greater evaluation of actual favorableness and performance (shows how much was washed-out to earn revenue). Depreciation and Cost of Goods Sold are good examples of coat of this principle. Disclosure principle. Amount and kinds of information disclosed should be decided based on trade-off compend as a large amount of information cost more to prepare and use.Information disclosed should be enough to make a judgment while keeping cost reasonable. Information is presented in the of import body of financial statements, in the notes or as supplementary information edit Constraints Objectivity principle the caller-up financial statements provided by the accountants should be based on o bjective evidence. Materiality principle the significance of an circumstance should be considered when it is reported. An item is considered meaningful when it would affect the decision of a reasonable individual. Consistency principle It room that the confederation uses the same accounting principles and methods from year to year. Prudence principle when choosing between two solutions, the one that will be least in all likelihood to overstate assets and income should be picked (see convention of conservatism). Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (UK) The Generally Accepted Accounting make out in the UK, or UK GAAP, are the overall body of regulation establishing how family accounts essential be watchful in the United Kingdom. This includes not only accounting standards, but in like manner UK caller-up law.What is referred to elsewhere as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles is in the UK referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. edit History Accounti ng standards derive from a number of sources. The chief standard-setter is the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), which issues standards called Financial Reporting Standards (FRS). The ASB is part of the Financial Reporting Council, an independent regulator funded by a levy on listed companies1, and it replaced the Accounting Standards Committee (ASC), which was disbanded in 1990 following a number of criticisms of its work.To the extent that the ASCs pronouncements, known as Statements of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAPs), restrain not been replaced by FRS, they remain in force. edit Creation/Revision of Standards The ASB has a formal exposure serve well for proposed standards. Early concepts are issued as Discussion Papers. These are released to the public and comments invited. Where a new standard is to be proposed, a Financial Reporting Exposure Draft (FRED) is released for comment. The standard in final form is only issued when comments charter been incorporated or address ed.This aims to address the criticisms levelled at the ASC, whose comment bear on was little rigorous. Issues that require an speedy solution are considered by the Urgent Issues Task Force (UITF). The UITF comprises a number of senior figures from fabrication and accounting firms. It meets as necessary to consider pressing issues and issues Abstracts which become natural covering immediately. edit Legislation The principal principle governing describe in the UK is laid down in the Companies lay out 2006, which incorporates the requirements of European law.The Companies Act sets out certain minimum reportage requirements for companies and, for example, requires limited companies to file their accounts with the Registrar of Companies who makes them functional to the general public. From 2005, this framework changed as a result of European law requiring that all listed European companies report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs). In the UK, companies whi ch are not listed have the option to report either under IFRSs or under UK GAAP2.Recently issued UK FRSs have, in any case replicated the wording of corresponding IFRSs, reducing the differences between the two sets of standards significantly. china Accounting Standards From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Chinese Accounting Standards) Jump to navigation, expect Chinese accounting standards are the accounting rules used in Chinese state owned corporations in mainland China. They are currently macrocosm phased out in favour of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Accounting Standards.As of February 2010, the Chinese Accounting Standard Systems is composed of Basic Standard, 38 specific standards and application program Guidance. Chinese accounting standards are unique because they originated in a socialist period in which the state was the sole owner of industry. and then unlike Western accounting standards, they are less a mother fucker of profit and loss and an stock of assets available to a company. In contrast to a Western equilibrate sheet, Chinese accounting standards do not include an accounting of the debts that a corporation holds, and are less suitable for management work than for accounting for tax purposes.This system of accounting is widely considered to be unfit for managing corporations in a market economy. As a result, Chinese corporations are gradually moving toward International Financial Reporting Standards. This has prove to be a massive undertaking. As a consequence Chinese companies who offer shares for sale in the United States used to be required to prepare three sets of statements, one using Chinese accounting standards (China GAAP), one using international standards (IFRS), and one using North American GAAP standards (US GAAP).However, since 2008 the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows foreign private issuers to use financial statements prepared in accord with IFRS. 1 However, in recent years, The finance Department of Chinese Government has issued new Chinese Accounting Standards which foregather into IFRS and the similarity is almost 90-95%. The description cost has been reduced greatly because of this measureGenerally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States) In the U. S. , generally accepted accounting principles, commonly abbreviated as US GAAP or simply GAAP, are accounting rules used to prepare, present, and report financial statements for a wide variety of entities, including publicly-traded and privately-held companies, non-profit organizations, and governments. Generally GAAP includes local applicable Accounting Framework, related accounting law, rules and Accounting Standard.Similar to many other countries practicing under the common law system, the United States government does not directly set accounting standards, in the belief that the private sector has better knowledge and resource s. US GAAP is not create verbally in law, although the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that it be followed in financial reporting by publicly-traded companies. Currently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the highest authority in establishing generally accepted accounting principles for public and private companies, as well as non-profit entities.For local and state governments, GAAP is determined by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which operates under a set of assumptions, principles, and constraints, diametrical from those of standard private-sector GAAP. Financial reporting in federal government entities is regulated by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). The US GAAP provisions differ somewhat from International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), though former SEC Chairman Chris Cox set out a timetable for all U. S. ompanies to drop GAAP by 2016, with the largest companies switching to IFRS as early as 2009 Basic objectives Financial reporting should provide information that is useful to present to potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and other financial decisions. helpful to present to potential investors and creditors and other users in assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of prospective coin receipts. about economic resources, the claims to those resources, and the changes in them. edit Basic conceptsTo achieve basic objectives and implement fundamental qualities GAAP has four basic assumptions, four basic principles, and four basic constraints. edit Assumptions Accounting Entity assumes that the business is separate from its owners or other businesses. Revenue and expense should be kept separate from personal expenses. Going Concern assumes that the business will be in operation indefinitely. This validates the methods of asset capitalization, depreciation, and amortization. Only when liquidation is certai n this assumption is not applicable. Monetary Unit principle assumes a stable currency is going to be the unit of record.The FASB accepts the nominal value of the US Dollar as the monetary unit of record unadjusted for inflation. The Time-period principle implies that the economic activities of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods. edit Principles Cost principle requires companies to account and report based on acquisition cost rather than fair market value for most assets and liabilities. This principle provides information that is reliable (removing opportunity to provide subjective and potentially biased market values), but not very relevant.Thus there is a trend to use fair values. Most debts and securities are now reported at market values. Revenue principle requires companies to record when revenue is (1) realized or realizable and (2) earned, not when exchange is received. This way of accounting is called accrual basis accounting. Matching principle. Exp enses have to be matched with revenues as long as it is reasonable to do so. Expenses are recognized not when the work is performed, or when a product is produced, but when the work or the product actually makes its contribution to revenue.Only if no connection with revenue can be established, cost may be charged as expenses to the current period (e. g. office salaries and other administrative expenses). This principle allows greater evaluation of actual profitability and performance (shows how much was spent to earn revenue). Depreciation and Cost of Goods Sold are good examples of application of this principle. Disclosure principle. Amount and kinds of information disclosed should be decided based on trade-off analysis as a larger amount of information costs more to prepare and use.Information disclosed should be enough to make a judgment while keeping costs reasonable. Information is presented in the main body of financial statements, in the notes or as supplementary information edit Constraints Objectivity principle the company financial statements provided by the accountants should be based on objective evidence. Materiality principle the significance of an item should be considered when it is reported. An item is considered significant when it would affect the decision of a reasonable individual. Consistency principle It actor that the company uses the same accounting principles and methods from year to year. Prudence principle when choosing between two solutions, the one that will be least likely to overstate assets and income should be picked (see convention of conservatism). Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (UK) The Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the UK, or UK GAAP, are the overall body of regulation establishing how company accounts moldiness be prepared in the United Kingdom. This includes not only accounting standards, but also UK company law.What is referred to elsewhere as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles is in the UK referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. edit History Accounting standards derive from a number of sources. The chief standard-setter is the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), which issues standards called Financial Reporting Standards (FRS). The ASB is part of the Financial Reporting Council, an independent regulator funded by a levy on listed companies1, and it replaced the Accounting Standards Committee (ASC), which was disbanded in 1990 following a number of criticisms of its work.To the extent that the ASCs pronouncements, known as Statements of Standard Accounting Practice (SSAPs), have not been replaced by FRS, they remain in force. edit Creation/Revision of Standards The ASB has a formal exposure process for proposed standards. Early concepts are issued as Discussion Papers. These are released to the public and comments invited. Where a new standard is to be proposed, a Financial Reporting Exposure Draft (FRED) is released for comment. The standard in final form is only issued when comments have been incorporated or addressed.This aims to address the criticisms levelled at the ASC, whose comment process was less rigorous. Issues that require an immediate solution are considered by the Urgent Issues Task Force (UITF). The UITF comprises a number of senior figures from industry and accounting firms. It meets as necessary to consider pressing issues and issues Abstracts which become binding immediately. edit Legislation The principal legislation governing reporting in the UK is laid down in the Companies Act 2006, which incorporates the requirements of European law.The Companies Act sets out certain minimum reporting requirements for companies and, for example, requires limited companies to file their accounts with the Registrar of Companies who makes them available to the general public. From 2005, this framework changed as a result of European law requiring that all listed European companies report under International Financial Reporting St andards (IFRSs). In the UK, companies which are not listed have the option to report either under IFRSs or under UK GAAP2.Recently issued UK FRSs have, in any case replicated the wording of corresponding IFRSs, reducing the differences between the two sets of standards significantly. China Accounting Standards From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Chinese Accounting Standards) Jump to navigation, search Chinese accounting standards are the accounting rules used in Chinese state owned corporations in mainland China. They are currently being phased out in favour of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Accounting Standards.As of February 2010, the Chinese Accounting Standard Systems is composed of Basic Standard, 38 specific standards and Application Guidance. Chinese accounting standards are unique because they originated in a socialist period in which the state was the sole owner of industry. Therefore unlike Western accounting standards, they ar e less a tool of profit and loss and an inventory of assets available to a company. In contrast to a Western brace sheet, Chinese accounting standards do not include an accounting of the debts that a corporation holds, and are less suitable for management control than for accounting for tax purposes.This system of accounting is widely considered to be unsuitable for managing corporations in a market economy. As a result, Chinese corporations are gradually moving toward International Financial Reporting Standards. This has proven to be a massive undertaking. As a consequence Chinese companies who offer shares for sale in the United States used to be required to prepare three sets of statements, one using Chinese accounting standards (China GAAP), one using international standards (IFRS), and one using North American GAAP standards (US GAAP).However, since 2008 the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows foreign private issuers to use financial statements prepared in ac cordance with IFRS. 1 However, in recent years, The Finance Department of Chinese Government has issued new Chinese Accounting Standards which converge into IFRS and the similarity is almost 90-95%. The translation cost has been reduced greatly because of this measureGenerally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesA corporation must use the same depreciation method for tax and financial reporting purposes. Must use diametrical depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting may use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting must use different (than for tax purposes), but strictly mandated, depreciation methods for financial reporting purposes. 1 points Question 2 1 . Allocation of the historic costs of fixed assets against the annual revenue they generate is called net profits. Gross profits. Depreciation. Amortization. 1 points Question 3 1 .Given the financial managers preference for hot receipt of capital flows, a longer depreciable life is preferable to a sh orter one. A shorter depreciable life is favorite(a) to a longer one. The manager is not have-to doe with with depreciable lives, because depreciation is a non- bills expense. The manager is not touch on with depreciable lives, because once purchased, depreciation is considered a sunk cost. 1 points Question 4 1 . The Modified accelerate Cost Recovery System (MACROS) is a depreciation method used for tax financial reporting managerial cost accounting Question 5 .The depreciable life of an asset is of concern to the financial manager. In general, a longer depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a fast receipt Of money flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt of immediate payment flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because management can then purchase new assets, as the old assets are written off. A longer depreciable life is preferred, because management can postpone purchasing new assets, since the Old assets mum have a useful life. 1 points Question 6 1 . A corporation exchange a fixed asset for $100,000.This is an investment coin flow and a source of funds. An operating bills flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a use of funds. An investment cash flow and a use of funds. Question 7 1 . A corporation raises $500,000 in semipermanent debt to acquire additional plant capacity. This is considered an investment cash flow. A funding cash flow. A financing cash flow and investment cash flow, respectively. A financing cash flow and operating cash flow, respectively. 1 points Question 8 1 . A firms operating cash flow (SCOFF) is defined as Ross profit minus operating expenses.Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesIntroduction The purpose of this report is to disclose the items that may result in adjusting entries for both prepayments and accrual by looking at the trial balance and Income statement. Furthermore, analyzing the historical summary of financial Is to know the trend for profit or loss of the company assets.Fundamental foremost of all, why we have to make BAD? Balance day adjustments are therefore required to keep in line the financial statements portray a correct picture on the firms financial performance and financial position. We have to recognize all transaction occurring in that accounting period, irrespective of whether cash has been received or paid. The supreme objective of adjusting entries Is to delay that the revenues (income) earned In the accounting period are matched by all costs Incurred for that name accounting period (Monish College, 2011).Prepayment There are two types of adjusting entries, prepayments and accruals. Prepayment is a payment in jump on of the period to which it pertains. What this mean is, this category of adjustments aligns recorded revenues (income) and costs with appropriate accounting periods. For example, there are situations where cash Is received before goods and function are pro vided to customers or situations where cash has been paid In climb on for costs of operation and which relate to future counting periods.Prepayments divided into two sections, which are prepaid expenses and unearned revenue. prepaid expenses is type of assets that shown on a balance sheet as a result of business payments for goods and function to be received in the near future. While prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets, their value Is expensed over time as the benefit Is receive something of value in the near future. Prepayments a lot occur In regard to Insurance, supplies, advertising, and rent. Earned revenue is also known as prepaid revenue. It bureau payment, which is received in advance of providing a good or service. Since an obligation exists on the part of the company to provide goods or services for which the advance payment was received, unearned revenue is a liability. An example is a retainer received by an attorney. When the services are performed, rev enue is the earned. Another examples are pre-booked airline ticket, rent received In advance and magazine subscriptionGenerally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesA corporation must use the same depreciation method for tax and financial reporting purposes. Must use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting may use different depreciation methods for tax and financial reporting must use different (than for tax purposes), but strictly mandated, depreciation methods for financial reporting purposes. 1 points Question 2 1 . Allocation of the historic costs of fixed assets against the annual revenue they generate is called net profits. Gross profits. Depreciation. Amortization. 1 points Question 3 1 .Given the financial managers preference for faster receipt of cash flows, a longer depreciable life is preferred to a shorter one. A shorter depreciable life is preferred to a longer one. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because depreciation is a non-cash e xpense. The manager is not concerned with depreciable lives, because once purchased, depreciation is considered a sunk cost. 1 points Question 4 1 . The Modified intensify Cost Recovery System (MACROS) is a depreciation method used for tax financial reporting managerial cost accounting Question 5 .The depreciable life of an asset is of concern to the financial manager. In general, a longer depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt Of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because it will result in a faster receipt of cash flows. A shorter depreciable life is preferred, because management can then purchase new assets, as the old assets are written off. A longer depreciable life is preferred, because management can postpone purchasing new assets, since the Old assets still have a useful life. 1 points Question 6 1 . A corporation sell a fixed asset for $100,000.This is an investment cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a source of funds. An operating cash flow and a use of funds. An investment cash flow and a use of funds. Question 7 1 . A corporation raises $500,000 in long-term debt to acquire additional plant capacity. This is considered an investment cash flow. A financing cash flow. A financing cash flow and investment cash flow, respectively. A financing cash flow and operating cash flow, respectively. 1 points Question 8 1 . A firms operating cash flow (SCOFF) is defined as Ross profit minus operating expenses.Generally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesIntroduction The purpose of this report is to come across the items that may result in adjusting entries for both prepayments and accrual by looking at the trial balance and Income statement. Furthermore, analyzing the historical summary of financial Is to know the trend for profit or loss of the company assets.Fundamental set-back of all, why we have to make BAD? Balance day adjustments are therefore required to ensure the financial stat ements portray a correct picture on the firms financial performance and financial position. We have to recognize all transaction occurring in that accounting period, irrespective of whether cash has been received or paid. The last-ditch objective of adjusting entries Is to ensure that the revenues (income) earned In the accounting period are matched by all costs Incurred for that name accounting period (Monish College, 2011).Prepayment There are two types of adjusting entries, prepayments and accruals. Prepayment is a payment in advance of the period to which it pertains. What this mean is, this category of adjustments aligns recorded revenues (income) and costs with appropriate accounting periods. For example, there are situations where cash Is received before goods and services are provided to customers or situations where cash has been paid In advance for costs of operation and which relate to future counting periods.Prepayments divided into two sections, which are prepaid expen ses and unearned revenue. prepay expenses is type of assets that shown on a balance sheet as a result of business payments for goods and services to be received in the near future. While prepaid expenses are initially recorded as assets, their value Is expensed over time as the benefit Is receive something of value in the near future. Prepayments oft occur In regard to Insurance, supplies, advertising, and rent. Earned revenue is also known as prepaid revenue. It means payment, which is received in advance of providing a good or service. Since an obligation exists on the part of the company to provide goods or services for which the advance payment was received, unearned revenue is a liability. An example is a retainer received by an attorney. When the services are performed, revenue is the earned. Another examples are pre-booked airline ticket, rent received In advance and magazine subscription